What occurs when the tendon sheath tears/ruptures?

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When the tendon sheath tears or ruptures, the protective, lubricated sleeve around the flexor tendons is damaged. That sheath normally allows the tendon to glide smoothly as the leg moves. A tear lets inflammatory fluid leak into the surrounding tissues and the tendon itself swells, producing a visible thickening along the back of the leg. This swelling gives the leg a curved, bowed appearance, hence the term bowed tendons. The injury commonly causes heat, tenderness, and lameness or reduced performance, especially during movement. Treatment focuses on rest, cold therapy, anti-inflammatories, and a controlled rehabilitation program, with prognosis varying by severity. Prevention centers on proper conditioning and gradual increases in work to avoid overloading the tendons. This condition is distinct from hoof or joint problems like laminitis, navicular disease, or spavin, which involve other structures.