AFA Certified Farrier (CF) Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• An arterio-venous anastomoses makes a direct connection between which tissue?
• Carpitis is?
• Which hind hoof adjustment is used to address speedy cutting?
• In a rocker toe shoe, how is the ground surface prepared?
• The extensor process is a part of which bone?
• Pedal osteitis is a listed cause of corns?
• Curb is a sprain/tear of which ligament?
• The main extensor tendon attaches to which digits in the limb?
• Which description correctly defines extended heels?
• Which of the following is a type of founder/laminitis?
• What gait problem is the toe of a hind shoe hitting the bottom of a front shoe?
• The sole protects which bone?
• What is the joint within the hoof?
• Which sequence lists the closure order of the P3, P2, P1, and distal cannon plates from earliest to latest?
• Which combination is listed as prevention or treatment for osselets?
• Which item corresponds to the chondrocoronal ligament?
• The distal navicular ligament inserts on which phalanx?
• Which structure connects muscle to bone?
• What are epiphyseal growth plates?
• Which item is the collateral ligament of the coffin joint?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the five coria of the hoof?
• Which gait anomaly is addressed by a lateral extension shoe?
• How can osselets be prevented or treated?
• Which of the following statements is true about osselets?
• What is a full swedge shoe?
• Which is a solution to knee hitting?
• What is another name for the common extensor tendon?
• Which structure produces the bulk of the hoof wall?
• Which corium produces the horny sole?
• From which arteries do the frog coria receive arterial supply?
• White line disease is caused by microorganisms?
• Winging-OUT is associated with what conformation defect of the leg?
• Heartbar shoes provide what benefit beyond protection?
• What is the function of the sole?
• Which structure connects bone to bone?
• What ligaments join the sesamoid and pastern bones?
• What bones are part of the fetlock joint?
• What is the distal interphalangeal joint made up of?
• Gait changes associated with navicular disease include?
• The collateral cartilages have how many ligaments?
• Which ligament is the largest in the leg?
• Laminitis involves which hoof structures?
• What are some solutions to forging? (gait issue)
• What bones articulate with the distal sesamoid bone?
• Raising the angle of the hoof decreases stress on which ligament?
• The semi lunar crest is a part of which bone?
• Where does the SDFT attach?
• Which ligaments connect the sesamoid bones to the pastern bones?
• The coffin bone is commonly referred to as which bone?
• Cross firing is caused by interference between which hooves?
• Which statement about the hoof wall is true?
• How many ligaments are within or arise from the horse's hoof?
• Which ligaments are located at the sides of joints and function to stabilize the limb, known as collateral ligaments?
• Improper medio-lateral imbalance may cause?
• Which item corresponds to the collateral cartilage?
• Which combination of shoeing modifications is described as a solution to crossfiring?
• What can laminitis/founder cause?
• Which joint is part of the navicular region involved in navicular disease?
• Which ligaments surround a joint and produce the synovial fluid?
• Which bones do the bifurcations of the suspensory attach to?
• What is the primary function of a bursa?
• What are the five insensitive structures of the hoof?
• How can you help navicular syndrome?
• Which item is the superficial digital flexor tendon?
• What is another name for the impar ligament?
• The suspensory can also be called?
• What is a mild form of interfering/overreaching gait fault?
• The bifurcations of the suspensory attach to which bones?
• Ringbone is a bony growth affecting which joints?
• What are the requirements of a square toe shoe?
• Which vessel type carries blood toward the heart?
• What is the function of the collateral cartilages?
• When does the P1 epiphyseal plate close?
• Carpal varus is what conformational defect?
• The extensor branches that join the extensor tendon originate from which structure?
• How many arteries and veins does the horse's hoof have?
• What is the function of ligaments?
• In the stay apparatus of the hind leg, the SFDT acts as a what?
• The impar ligament is also called which ligament?
• Toe grabs are used to provide traction in which horses?
• The extensor process, where the suspensory branches insert, is located on which bone?
• The deep digital flexor tendon inserts on the semilunar crest of coffin bone?
• What are the arteries and veins of the distal phalanx?
• What term describes the gait defect where interference occurs between the shoe and the elbow on one leg?
• What can cause pedal osteitis?
• Which vessels supply the coronary band with oxygenated blood?
• How many bones and joints are inside the hoof?
• Winging-IN is associated with what conformation defect?
• Tendinitis of the SFDT, synovitis of the tendon sheath, or tendosynovitis is called?
• What gait problem is described as interference between the medial side of a front hoof and the knee region on the other leg?
• When does the distal cannon bone epiphyseal plate close?
• What causes ringbone?
• Where does low ringbone occur?
• What is the anatomy involved in sheared heels?
• The deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) uses which bone as a fulcrum point?
• What are symptoms of pedal osteitis?
• What occurs when tendon sheath or tendon detaches at the origin or insertion point?
• The collateral cartilages are attached to which part of the coffin bone?
• Which leg has the common extensor tendon?
• Which of the following is a sign of a corn?
• What vessels form the circumflex supply to the distal phalanx?
• What ligaments are on both sides of the coffin joint?
• What is the scientific name for growth plates?
• What is the function of the periople?
• Thrush is associated with dirt and manure packed into the hoof containing which organism?
• Which structures are involved in sheared heels?
• What is a solution to elbow hitting?
• Which item is the impar/distal navicular ligament?
• What is osselets?
• Which vessel type connects arteries and veins at the tissue level?
• Which modification is NOT listed as a solution to forging?
• Which statement best describes the primary benefit of a half round shoe?
• The origin of the deep digital flexor tendon is from which muscles?
• Which of the following is a bone in the distal hind limb?
• Which ligaments run along the sides of joints to bind the leg bones together?
• Check ligaments are part of what as opposed to a part of a ligament?
• Thrush occurs when dirt and manure packed into the hoof contains which bacterium?
• What is laminitis/founder?
• Ringbone is another name for phalangeal exotosis.
• In navicular disease, which conformation factor is a risk?
• Where does the superficial digital flexor tendon bifurcate?
• Curb is inflammation of which structure?
• How does the hoof receive oxygenated blood?
• What is the function of the lateral extensor tendon?
• In rolled toe shoes, what is the toe thickness relative to stock?
• Which sequence correctly lists the closure times of the P3, P2, P1, and distal cannon bone epiphyseal plates from earliest to latest?
• The terminal papillae of the sensitive laminae produce which feature?
• What are the requirements for a rolled toe?
• The function of a bursa is to?
• Which item is the collateral cartilage?
• What are other names for the short pastern?
• What is pedal osteitis?
• How should sheared heels be handled?
• Winging in is associated with which conformation defect of the leg?
• What are other names for the coffin bone?
• What is the function of the deep digital flexor tendon?
• Which ligament runs from the calcaneus to the lateral splint bone?
• Which ligament connects the anterior proximal portion of the cartilage to P2?
• What is a physis?
• When is a horse considered quicked with a nail?
• The stay apparatus is best described as:
• What is the best description of the lymphatic system?
• Interference between the toe of a front leg and the coronary band of a hind leg on the same side?
• Where do the digital arteries enter the hoof?
• Which of the following is a listed cause of corns besides shoes too short?
• Heartbar shoes are used for?
• Symptoms of navicular disease include which combination?
• The dorsal arteries of the distal phalanx originate from which arteries?
• Starting with the digital arteries, what is the sequence by which blood reaches the sensitive frog?
• When does a close nail occur?
• How does the suspensory relieve stress from the DDFT/SDFT?
• How does de-oxygenated blood exit the hoof?
• What is the function of arteries?
• What gait problems is interference between the toe of a hind shoe and the heel bulb/shoe heel on a front hoof?
• Square toe shoe modification should be set back what thickness of the hoof wall from the toe?
• What is the function of the laminar corium?
• The white line acts as a buffer between which two parts of the hoof?
• The cannon bone refers to which limb segment?
• Which tissue type is primarily responsible for stabilizing joints by connecting bone to bone?
• In the mechanical management of laminitis, which action is used to align bones?
• Knee hitting remedy.
• Which joint is ringbone associated with?
• What is the function of the common extensor?
• Name the 3 joints of the distal limb?
• What is another name for winging-OUT?
• In clip design, where is the clip centered?
• The suspensory ligament relieves stress from which ligaments?
• What are the symptoms of white line disease?
• Which corium produces the hoof wall?
• What is the other name for the navicular bone?
• Which arteries run along the collateral cartilages and contribute to the frog’s blood supply?
• The largest ligament in the leg is which of the following?
• Where does the superficial digital flexor tendon insert?
• Ringbone between the joints is called?
• What is the function of the stay apparatus in horses?
• The deep flexor tendon inserts at which structure?
• The extensor process is a feature of which bone?
• What is the insertion of the SFDT in the hind leg?
• Bowed tendon refers to pathology of which structure?
• What is ringbone?
• Which item is the suspensory ligament of the navicular bone?
• The solar corium is responsible for forming which structure?
• Which statement best describes the check ligaments in relation to tendons?
• What is the groove in the center of the frog?
• What is another term for the suspensory ligament of the navicular bone?
• Which horses are predisposed to carpitis?
• What are the ligaments on the sides of joints that bind the bones of the leg together?
• Which of the following is NOT a bone of the distal forelimb?
• Where do the branches of the suspensory join the common/long extensor tendon?
• What is another name for the proximal sesamoid bones?
• Anatomy involved in navicular disease includes which structures?
• What is the function of the hoof cushions?
• How often does the frog shed?
• What are the requirements for a shoe with extended heels?
• Improper medio-lateral imbalance of the hoof is most likely to cause which condition?
• The suspensory and sesamoidian ligaments are important to what function of the limb?
• What is a primary function of heartbar shoes?
• The pain location in navicular disease is?
• How many distinct areas of coria are named in the context of the hoof?
• What predisposes a horse to osselets?
• The side grooves of the frog are called?
• What radiographic finding would support a ringbone diagnosis?
• What is the anatomy involved in laminitis/founder?
• Which statement accurately describes the function of collateral cartilages ligaments?
• The suspensory ligament of the navicular bone originates at which part of the navicular bone?
• How should thrush be handled?
• What condition is defined as an infection of the stratum medium of the hoof?
• How many bones does the hock have?
• The hind limb hock contains how many bones?
• How does trimming, or lack of, affect the legs and growth plates?
• When does the P3 epiphyseal plate close?
• Which of the following is a bone in the distal forelimb?
• Which of the following is not a listed knee hitting remedy?
• What is the function of the white line?
• What is sidebone?
• The main function of the suspensory ligament is to
• A bruise in the seat of the corn is called what?
• The coronal veins form what plexuses along the side of the collateral cartilages?
• Which of the following is a recommended thrush management step?
• The frog is produced by which corium?
• Which bone is rotated or sunk in founder?
• Which item is the extensor tendon?
• How should sidebone be handled?
• Where does high ringbone occur?
• What is sheared heels?
• Name two parts of the coffin bone (P3).
• Which of the following is a listed cause of corns?
• Which ligament's name indicates a connection to the long extensor tendon?
• The two fibro-fatty cushions in the hoof are which?
• The coronary corium is responsible for forming which structure?
• How many tendons are in the horse's hoof?
• What is the origin of the deep digital flexor tendon?
• Where does the suspensory bifurcate?
• Which of the following is a symptom of laminitis/founder?
• Origin of the SFDT in the front and hind legs?
• The collateral cartilages attach to which part of the coffin bone?
• Which item is the navicular?
• The extensor branches of the suspensory ligament join the extensor tendon and insert on which structure?
• What are the three layers of the hoof wall?
• Base wide is associated with which winging condition?
• What gait defect is high limb interference at speed?
• What structures are involved with pedal osteitis?
• In founder terminology, which term refers to a form where the coffin bone sinks?
• Which epiphyseal plate closes at 6 months?
• Heartbar shoes are designed to prevent which problem in the coffin bone?
• What are the requirements for a straight bar shoe?
• Which bone is also known as the pedal bone?
• Where should the nail be ideally placed in the hoof for shoeing?
• Where do the suspensory ligament of the navicular bone originate and insert?
• Which is a solution to speedy cutting?
• How should pedal osteitis be handled?
• Which term describes the area near the ends of long bones where bone growth occurs?
• Which condition is a spasmodic contraction of the lateral extensor tendon of the hind leg?
• What structure allows the hoof to expand and contract?
• The deep digital flexor tendon inserts on the semilunar crest of which bone?
• Heel caulks are used for traction in which type of horses?
• Which statement correctly describes the collateral cartilages?
• Paddling is another name for winging-OUT.
• The origin of the suspensory ligament is where?
• Which bones does the main extensor tendon attach to?
• What ligament produces and contains the synovial joint fluid of the coffin joint?
• Splints in younger horses are best described as:
• The humeral-radial joint of the horse is commonly known as?
• Which of the following is listed as a cause of laminitis/founder?
• Which statement accurately describes the attachment of the superficial digital flexor tendon?
• What is the function of the hoof wall?
• What is curb?
• Which item is a footwear device used to prevent overreaching?
• What is a function of the blood supply in the horse's foot?
• Clips should be?
• What is the common name for the Interosseous muscle or tendon of the fore limb?
• The central groove of the frog is called what term?
• How far down does the periople extend onto the hoof wall?
• What is another name for ringbone?
• The SFDT originates from which bones in the limbs?
• What corium produces the periople?
• What is the function of an annular ligament?
• The stay apparatus of the limb is primarily supported by which structures?
• The deep digital flexor tendon originates from the muscles and bones of which regions?
• Thrush is caused by which organism?
• Which pair is described as the two fibro-fatty cushions of the hoof?
• Causes of sheared heels?
• Which structure joins the hair to the hoof?
• Wall resection is performed in laminitis primarily in the case of which condition?
• What is the function of veins?
• What occurs when the tendon sheath tears/ruptures?
• What produces the bulk of the hoof wall?
• How do the circumflex vein and artery pass through P3?
• What corium produces the white line?
• The common/long extensor tendon inserts on which structure?
• What is inflammation of the bursa near a horses elbow?
• Which ligaments specifically connect the splint bones to the cannon bone in young horses?
• Which statement correctly associates the extensor tendons with the leg?
• Which ligament connects the proximal portion of the cartilage to P1?
• Subsolar abscesses are located?
• Which of the following are listed as treatments for a corn?
• Which gait defect is interference between opposite front and hind hooves?
• Which item corresponds to the chondrocompedal ligament?
• Which item is the deep digital flexor tendon?
• The deep digital flexor tendon inserts on which structure?
• What are the requirements for a trailer shoe?
• Bruises of the sensitive sole in the seat of corn area are called?
• What bones are part of the pastern joint?
• Which ligament joins the main extensor tendon on each side of the pastern?
• Which of the following is a phalanx bone (p1) in the distal limb?
• What is the term for the contact of the toe of a hind horseshoe with the heel bulb of a front foot?
• Which symptom is commonly associated with pedal osteitis?
• Which of the following is a sesamoid bone?
• Which conformation increases the likelihood of crossfiring?
• Which of the following is NOT a component associated with the stay apparatus?
• A common surgical solution to stringhalt is what?
• Where does the white line grow from?
• The collateral cartilages have how many ligaments?
• Which ligament connects the anterior distal portion of the cartilage to the common/long extensor tendon?
• What is the hoof wall made of?
• The periople is produced by which corium?
• Is the sole designed to bear weight?
• What ligaments support the pastern joint?
• What are the ligaments of the splints that join the splints to the cannon bone in young horses?
• The semi lunar crest is a feature of which bone?
• What is another name for the periople?
• Which two sites describe the insertions of the common/long extensor tendon?
• Which condition is described by wall separation and necrotic tissue?
• Which tissue transmits muscular force to bone?
• Which structure's primary role is to transfer body weight to the hoof wall?
• What happens in an epiphyseal growth plate?
• Curb is?
• The navicular bone is also known by which term?
• Where are osselets located?
• The distal interphalangeal ligaments connect which bones?
• Which statement about the collateral cartilages is true?
• Which of the following is not involved in pedal osteitis?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the five insensitive structures of the hoof?
• In the hind limb, the SFDT inserts at the point of which joint?
• Navicular disease is?
• Which distal bones of the limb have a growth plate (physis) at the proximal end of the bone?
• What are the requirements of a rocker toe shoe?
• Which arteries originate from the palmar arteries and supply the frog coria?
• What is the function of the ligaments of the collateral cartilages?
• Radiographic signs of navicular disease are seen in which bone?
• Other than the extensor process, where does the common/long extensor tendon insert?
• Which term best describes the growth plates?
• Which of the following is listed as a contributing factor to laminitis/founder?
• When does the sole exfoliate?
• Which ligament connects the distal portion of the cartilage to P3?
• What are the grooves in the side of the frog called?
• What structures are involved in thrush?
• Which bones have a growth plate at the proximal end?
• What gait problem occurs when the toe of a hind shoe hits the bottom of a front shoe?
• What is the function of the frog?
• Exostosis describes which of the following?
• What shoe should a horse with ringbone be shod with?
• The function of a check ligament is to prevent what?
• What is the origin and insertion of the distal navicular ligament?
• Calcaneus is a bone in which limb region?
• The origin of the suspensory ligament is at the upper end of which bone?
• In a shoe clip, which statement is true about thickness?
• Which leg has the long extensor tendon?
• By 3 months of age, which epiphyseal plates are closed?
• What shoes can help with interference and brushing?
• Which set forms the distal interphalangeal joint?
• What causes osselets?
• Pain with hoof testers is a sign of a corn.
• What is the scientific name for the coffin joint?
• Which item is the suspensory of the navicular / collateral navicular ligament?
• What are some symptoms of ringbone?
• What is another name for the navicular bone?
• Which arteries supply the coronet area (coronary band) with blood?
• Crossfiring may result in which condition?
• What is the term for the event when the toe of a front foot contacts the hind limb during fast gaits such as trot, canter, or gallop?
• The lateral extensor tendon works with which tendon to extend the leg?
• Which of the following is a sign of a corn?
• Which ligaments hold bones of the leg together?
• Raising the angle of the hoof increases stress on which structures?
• Hoof growth occurs by cell division in which area?
• What arteries supply the frog coria?
• Which statement describes the relationship between toe out and crossfiring risk?
• What is the function of tendons?
• What is the function of capillaries?
• What is the average hoof wall growth rate?
• What veins and arteries run along the sensitive frog?
• Which structure is NOT listed among navicular disease anatomy?
• What corium produces the frog?
• What are the requirements for a shoe clip?
• What is the function of the distal interphalangeal ligaments?
• Which epiphyseal plate is closed at birth?
• What are some causes of navicular disease?